Indian Music free essay sample

The two main traditions of classical music are Carnation music, found redundantly in the peninsular regions, and Hindustan music, found in the northern and central regions. Hindustan music Hindustan music is an Indian classical music tradition that goes back to Vivid times around 1000 SEC. It further developed circa the 1 13th and 14th centuries AD with Persian influences and from existing religious and folk music. The practice of singing based on notes was popular even from the Vivid times where the hymns in Sam Veda, a sacred text, were sung as Gamesman and not chanted. Developing a strong and diverse tradition over several centuries, t has contemporary traditions established primarily in India but also in Pakistan and Bangladesh. In contrast to Carnation music, the other main Indian classical music tradition originating from the South, Hindustan music was not only influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vivid philosophy and native Indian sounds but also enriched by the Persian performance practices of the Mussels. We will write a custom essay sample on Indian Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Classical genres are thread, dammar, shall, Tirana and sad.Carnation music The present form of Carnation music is based on historical developments that can be traced to the 1 5th 1 6th centuries AD and thereafter. However, the form itself is reputed to have been one of the gifts bestowed on man by the gods of Hindu mythology. It is one of the oldest musical forms that continue to survive today. Carnation music is melodic, with improvised variations. It consists of a composition with improvised embellishments added to the piece in the forms of Raga Alpaca,Saleswoman, Unravel, and, in the case of more advanced students, Raga Tanat papilla.The main emphasis is on the vocals as most compositions are written to be sung, and even when played on instruments, they are meant to be performed in a singing style (known as yak). There are about 7. 2 million ragas (or scales) in Carnation Music, with around 300 still in use today. Paraguayan Dash is considered the father of carnation music. Sir Djakarta, Sir Shame Starry and Sir Enthusiasm Disaster are considered the trinity of carnation music and with them came the golden age in carnation music in the 18th-1 9th century[citation needed].Noted artists of Carnation Music include MS Subliminal, Rousakis Rumania eyeliner (the father Of the current concert Carnivals lyre, Paragraphs Sits Raman, TN Esophageal and more recently Ganja Subterranean, Valetudinarianism,K Weekdays, N. Raman, Lagged Quarryman, malapropism Sparkman, Dry. Moser Naughty, Moser Anagram, TM Krishna, Bombay Garish, etc. Every December, the city of Achaean in India has its six week-long Music Season, which has been described as the worlds largest cultural event.It has served as the foundation for most music in South India, including folk music, festival music and has also extended its influence to film music in the past 1 00?1 50 years or so. Light classical music Light classical or semi-classical music include the following genres: thumper, dark, shall, chaotic, karri and tap. Folk music A pair of Indian folk musicians performing in a rural village Bibb of Assam Bibb dancer playing a EPA (horn) Bibb is the festival of New Year of Assam falling on mid April.This is a festival of nature and mother earth where the first day is for the cows and buffalos. Second day is for the man. Bibb dances and Songs accompanied by traditional drums and wind instruments are essential part of this festival. Dandify Dandify is a form of dance-oriented folk music that has also been adapted for pop music. The present musical style is derived from the traditional musical accompaniment to the folk dance. It is practiced in (mainly) the state of Gujarat. Actually Dandify is a kind of dance rather than a music, the music is called a Garb in local language.Gangster Gangster is generally sung in chorus carrying some social message. [l The songs are usually about Freedom, community strength, patriotism. Due to the British occupation in India, a lot of protest songs about anti- imperialism/pro-socialism have been written in India. Examples: Pain Acadia OK Hum Harris Mitt State Main, jaded hoying tort, Kodak Kodak betrayed Ajax, Banded Amtrak, etc. Authoritarian Music Authoritarian folk music had its root in the lap of nature. The pure and blessed music have the feel and the touch of nature and subjects related to nature.The folk music primarily is related to the various festivals, religious traditions, folk stories and simple life of the people of Outranked. Thus the songs of Outranked are a true reflection of the Cultural Heritage and the way people live their lives in the Himalayas. Musical instruments used in Outranked music include the idol, Damon, uteri, arranging, dholes, dear, thalami, bandore and mishmashes. Table and harmonium are also used, but to a lesser extent. The main languages are Summation and Garlic. Lava Lava comes from the word Lava which means beauty.This is one of the most popular forms Of dance and music that is practiced all over Maharajahs. It has in fact become a necessary part of the Maharanis folk dance performances. Traditionally, the songs are sung by female artistes, but male artistes may occasionally sing Lavish. The dance format associated with Lava is known asthma. Lava is a combination of traditional song and dance, which particularly performed to the enchanting beats of Dollar, a drum-like instrument. Dance performed by attractive women wearing nine- yard saris. They are sung in a quick tempo.The verve, the enthusiasm, the rhythm and above all the very beat of India finds an expressive declaration amidst the folk music of India, which has somewhat, redefined the term bliss. Lava originated in the arid region of Maharajahs and Madhya Pradesh. Rabin Gangues Arbitrating Étagà ¨re was a towering figure in Indian music. Writing in Bengali, he created a library of over 2,000 songs now known by Bengali as Rabin gangues whose form is primarily influenced by Hindustan classical, sub-classical, Carnation, western, babuls, battling and different folk songs ofIndia. Many singers in West Bengal and Bangladesh base their entire careers on the singing of Étagà ¨re musical masterpieces. The national anthem of India and national anthem of Bangladesh are Rabin Gannets. Restaurants Restaurants has a Very diverse cultural collection of musician castes, including Lands, Sapper, Bebop, Jog and Managerial (lit. The ones who ask/beg). Restaurants Diary quotes it as a soulful, full-throated music with Harmonious diversity. The haunting melody of Restaurants evokes from a variety of delightfully primitive looking instruments. The stringed variety include the Sarans, Reinhardt, Kampuchea, Morning and Extra. Percussion instruments come in all shapes and sizes from the huge Angoras and Dholes to the tiny Dammars. The Deaf and Change are a big favorite of Hold (the festival of colors) revelers. Flutes and bagpipers come in local flavors such as Sheehan, Pooping, Olga, Atari, Been and Banana. The essence of Rosenthal music is derived from the creative symphony of string instruments, percussion instruments and wind instruments accompanied by melodious renditions of folk singers.It enjoys a respectable presence in Boll. Rood music as well. Popular music Film music The biggest form of Indian popular music is film, or songs from Indian films, it makes up 72% of the music sales in India. [2] The film industry of India supported music by according reverence to classical music while utilizing the western orchestration to support Indian melodies. Music composers, like Nauseas, C. Ramadan, S. D. Batista, Sail Chowder, Shank Jinrikisha, Julian Indiana, R. D. Barman, Satin L alit, Ann. Mali, Anadem-Caravan, Harris Ajar, Homes Researcher, A. R. Raman, Shank Sheehan LOL, Salami- Sullivan, lyrical, MS Afghanistan,K V Mohammedan, Santayana and S. D. Barman[citation needed] employed the principles of harmony while retaining classical and folk flavor. Reputed names in the domain Of Indian classical music like Rave Shank, Volatility Khan, All Kafka Khan and Ram Nary have also composed music for films. Independent pop acts such as Ash Boohoos, UDDI Nary, Allies China, K. S.Chitchat, Shaman, Madhouse, Sherry Shoal, Naira Josh, Cavity Garnishments, SP Flamboyancys, Harridan, AR Raman, Sons Enigma, Schneider Sings, Canal Gunwale, Ann. Mali, Sunfish Chuan, Nashua Machined, Alkali Yakking and rock bands like Indus Creed, Indian Ocean, and Euphoria exist and have gained mass appeal with the advent of cable music television. Interaction with non-landing music In the late sass and early 1 sass, rock and roll fusions with Indian music were well-known throughout Europe and North America.All Kafka Khans 1955 performance in the Elicited States was perhaps the beginning of this trend. Jazz pioneers such as John Chlorate?who recorded a composition entitled India during the November 1 961 sessions for his albumen At The Village Vanguard (the track was not released until 1963 on Chlorates album Impressions)?also embraced this fusion. George Harrison (of the Beetles) played the sitar on the song Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown) in 1965, which sparked interest from Shank, who subsequently took Harrison as his apprentice.Jazz innovator Miles Davis recorded and performed with musicians like Kali Balalaikas, Briar Sahara, and Bad Roy in his post-1968 electric ensembles. Virtuoso jazz guitarists McLaughlin spent several years in Madeira learning Carnation music and incorporated it into many of his acts including Shasta which featured prominent Indian musicians. Other Western artists such as the Grateful Dead, Incredible String Band, the Rolling Stones, the Move anthracic soon incorporated Indian influences and instruments, and added Indian performers.Legendary Grateful Dead frontal Jerry Garcia joined guitarist Ganja Mishear on his classic CD Blue Incantation (1995). Mishear also wrote an original score for French Director Eric Humane for his film Port Deja (1996) which won best score at Hampton film festival and The Golden Bear at Berlin. In 2000 he recorded Rescue with drummer Dennis Chambers (Carols Santa, John McLaughlin et al. ) and in 2006 Chateau Binaries with guests DC Logic and Keller Williams guitar and bass). Though the Indian music craze soon died down among mainstream audiences, die hard fans and immigrants continued the fusion.In 1985, a beat oriented, Raga Rock hybrid called Sitar Power by Cashing Batista reintroduced sitar in western nations. Sitar Power drew the attention of a number of record labels and was snapped up by Chancier Records of New Jersey to head their World Beat Tenth Pop division. In the late 1 sass, Indian- British artists fused Indian and Western traditions to make the Asian underground. Since the 1 sass, Canadian born musician Amanda who has pent most of his life in India, has been creating music that is an acoustic fusion of Indian classical music with western styles.One such singer who has merged the Backbit gangues tradition of India with the western non-Linda music Krishna Ads and sells music records of his musical sadden. In the new millennium, American hip-hop has featured Indian film and banger. Mainstream hip-hop artists have sampled songs from Bloody movies and have collaborated with Indian artists. Examples include Timberlands Indian Flute, Erick Sermon and Rereads React, Slum Villages Disco, and TruthHurts hit song Addictive, which sampled a Lata Manageress song, and The Black Eyed Peas sampled Ash Phoebes song Yeah Mere Dill in their hit single Dont Punk With My Heart. In 1 997, the British band Corresponding tribute to Ash Boohoos with their song Brimful of Ash, which became an international hit. British-born Indian artist Punjabi McCall had a Banger hit in the U. S. With Indian To Bach Eek which featured rapper Jay-Z. Asian Dub Foundation are not huge mainstream stars, but their politically charged rap and punk rock influenced sound has a multi-racial audience in their native KICK.In 2008, international star Snoop Dog appeared in a song in the film Sings Is King. In 2007, Hip-Hop producer Madly released Beat Conduct Volvo 3?4: Beat Conduct in India; an album which heavily samples and is inspired by the music of India. Sometimes, the music of India will fuse with the traditional music of other countries. For example, Delhi 2 Dublin,[3] a band based in Canada, is known for fusing Indian and Irish music, and Binghamton is a fusion Of Banger music with regnant, which itself is a fusion Of hip hop, reggae, and traditional Latin American music. 4] In a more recent example of Indian British fusion, Laura Marling along with Muffed and Sons collaborated in 201 0 with the Diarrhea Project on a four song PEP. [5] India-pop music Indian pop music, often known as Indigos or India-pop, is based on an amalgama tion of Indian folk and classical music, and modern beats from different parts of the world. Pop music really started in the South Asian region with the famous playback singer Aimed Rushers song OK-OK-Koruna in 1966. 6] After that, much of Indian Pop music comes from the Indian Film Industry, and until the 1 9905, few singers like OSHA Output, Sharon Paragraph, ND Penal Mains outside it were popular. Since then, pop singers in the latter group have included K. K, Baby Shall,Allies China, Shantung Musketeer aka Shaman, Sugaring, Colonial Cousins (Harridan, Leslie Lewis), Lucky All, and Sons Enigma, and music composers like Sahara Watt, who made top selling albums with, Dealer Emends, Shabby Mudguard, Baby Shall, Swathe Sheets and Hans Raja Hans. 7] Besides those listed above, popular India- Pop singers include Subbed Gar, Dealer Emends, Ragbag Char Rewashing, Divide Shawl,Bombay Vikings, Ash Boohoos, Sunfish Chuan, Nashua Machined, Bombay Rockers, Ann. Mali, Jazzy B, Mallet Sings, Hans Raja Hans, Ragbag, Jay Sean, Jaggy D, Irish Rich, Sheila Chancre, Bally Sago, Punjabi MAC, Banger Knights, Meghan, Sandbar ands Superstar.Recently, Indian pop has taken an interesting turn with the remixing of songs from past Indian movie songs, new beats being added to them. Rock metal music Raga rock Raga rock is a term used to describe rock or pop music with a heavy Indian influence, either in its construction, its timbre, or its use of instrumentation, such as the sitar and table Raga and other forms of classical Indian music Egan to influence many rock groups during the sass; most famously The Beetles.The first traces of raga rock can be heard on songs such as See My Friends by The Kinks and The Yardarms Heart Full of Soul, released the previous month, featured a sitar-like riff by guitarists The Beetles song Newtonian Wood, which first appeared on the bands 1965 album Rubber Soul, was the first western pop song to actually incorporate the sitar (played by lead guitarist George The Birds March 1966 single Eight Miles High and its B-side Why were also influential in originating the musical submerge.Indeed, the term raga rock was coined by The Birds publicist in the press releases for the single and was first used in print by journalist Sally Compton in her review of Eight Miles High for The Village 2] George Harridans interest in Indian music, popularized the genre in the mid-19605 with songs such as Love You To, Tomorrow Never Knows (credited to Lennox-McCarty), Within You Without You and The Inner Light . [13][14][15] The rock acts of the sixties both in turn influenced British and American groups and Indian acts to develop a later form of Indian rock.Indian rock The rock music scene in India is small compared to the film or fusion musicality scenes but as of recent years has come into its own, achieving a cult status of sorts. Rock music in India has its origins in sass when international stars such as The Beetles visited India and brought their music with them. These artists collaboration with Indian musicians such as Rave Shank and Kari Husseins led to the development of raga rock. International short wave radio stations such as The Voice of America, BBC, and Radio Ceylon played a major part in bringing Western pop, folk, and rock USIA to the masses. You can hear some of the songs that were heard over these stations during the 1 sass here. However, Indian rock bands began to gain prominence only much later, around the late 1 sass. It was around this time that the rock band Indus Creed formerly known as The Rock Machine got itself noticed on the international stage with hits like Rock N Roll Renegade.Other bands quickly followed. As of now, the rock music scene in India is quietly growing day by day and gathering more support. With the introduction of MAT in the early sass, Indians began to be exposed to arioso forms of rock such as grunge and speed metal. This influence can be clearly seen in many Indian bands today. The cities of Kola, Delhi, Iambi and Bangle have emerged as major melting pots for rock and metal enthusiasts. Bangle has been the hub for rock and metal movement in India.Some prominent bands include Indian Ocean, Krypton, Pentagram, Thermal and a Quarter, Abandoned Agony, No Idea, Zero, Half Step Down, Scribe, Eastern Fare, Indus Creed, Demonic Resurrection, Cinema [Born Of unity], Motherland, Osculate and Vial. The future looks encouraging thanks o entities such as Green Ozone, Dogmatism Records, Eastern Fare Music Foundation, that are dedicated to promoting and supporting Indian rock. One of the most famous rock musicians in the world is the late Freddie Mercury of Queen. Born Farrago Bomb Pulsars to Indian parents in Zanzibar, he was raised in Panicking near Iambi. Mercury was influenced early on by the Indian playback singer Lata Megalomaniacs with western influences such as Led Zeppelin, Jim Hendrix, John Lennox and The Beetles. Dance music Indian hip hop Hip hop music in India had started at around 1 990 and Baby Shall is reedited as Indians first rapper. Hip Hop music became all the more famous with the song Petted Rap from the Tamil movie Stendhal starring Prefab Dave(music composed by AR Raman). The song catapulted Surest Peters as a rapper and a music director. Rap/Hip Hop was often used in the regional movies as fillers in bet. Men songs and off late has started to become main stream songs. London based The Irish Rich Project, Bally Sago and Canadian based Ragbag further laid steady foundations for Hip Hop/Ran music in India. California based Punjabi rapper Bohemianism one of the best-known inners Of Punjabi rap in the Country after producing tracks like Kali Denial and Eek tear Pear. He became the first hip hop artist to launch a full Indian rap album signed to Universal Music India. He has also produced songs for Plywood movies like Chain Chock to China..Canadian based hip hop artist Shish Vector became a success after the release of his superset single Aye Hip Hopper. New Delhi based Rap band 922 aka Ana SAA ABA localized the Indian Hip Hop genre, with their typical Punjabi lyrics which appeals to a younger audience, they took it to the streets. Without for Dads(922 founder ND member) brand new Indian mistake touted as the biggest underground album, titled Breakout releasing February 2012. Malaysian based Yogi Band Annotator brought in the culture of Tamil rap in India.Yogi B, as part of Poetic Ammo, achieved success when they won at the Malaysian Encourage Industry Muzzy (AIM)(Music Awards) 1999, 2000 and 2001. Yogi B is now the most critically acclaimed Kowloon(the Tamil Movie Industry) rapper because of his work on the 2007 movie Plantation. Mochas With Attitude are one of the most popular Hip Hop group in India and are famous for their songs in ivies like Muses Friendship Karaoke and Rattail Urban (201 0 film). They were pioneers in mixing the south Indian elements in Hip Hop.New Indian hip hop crews are forming most recently 3rd Degree, which has played an important part in making Indian hip hop scene big in main cities. Many Indian underground rap crew keeps on forming. Alienation artists such as 50 Cent, Mob Deep, and The Black Eyed Peas have performed in India. Snoop Dog appeared in a song from the film Sings Is King in 2008 which further popularized hip hop music amongst the people of India. Western classical music The spread and following of Western classical music in India is almost entirely non-existent.It is mainly patronized by the Industrialization community and small esoteric groups with historical exposure to Western classical music. Another esoteric group with significant patronage is the Protestant Christian community in Achaean and Bangle. [citation needed] Western Music education is also severely neglected and pretty rare in India. Western keyboard, drums and guitar instruction being an exception as it has found some interest; mainly in an effort to create musicians to service anthropometry popular Indian music. Many reasons have been cited for the obscurity of Western classical music in India, a country rich in its musical heritage by its own right, however the two main reasons are an utter lack of exposure and a passive disinterest in what is considered esoteric at best. Also, the difficulty in importing Western musical instruments and their rarity has also contributed to the obscurity of classical Western music. [citation needed] Despite more than a century of exposure to Western classical music and two centuries of British colonialism, classical music in India has never aimed more than fringe popularity.

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planeacion estrategica. PlaneaciÂÆ'Â ³n EstratÂÆ'Â ©gica.La planeaciÂÆ'Â ³n estratÂÆ'Â ©gica es el proceso que sirve para formular y ejecutar las estrategias de la organizaciÂÆ'Â ³n con la finalidad de insertarla, segÂÆ'Â ºn su misiÂÆ'Â ³n en el contexto en el que se encuentra.La estrategia define la estructura y los procesos internos de la organizaciÂÆ'Â ³n con la expectativa de que produzcan efectos muy positivos en su desempeÂÆ'Â ±o.Los principales beneficios de la planeaciÂÆ'Â ³n estratÂÆ'Â ©gica son:La claridad de la visiÂÆ'Â ³n estratÂÆ'Â ©gica de la organizaciÂÆ'Â ³n.La comprensiÂÆ'Â ³n de un entorno cambiante y competitivo.El enfoque dirigido mediante objetivos de largo plazo.Comportamiento proactivo a los elementos del entorno externo de modo independiente a los del interno.Comportamiento sistÂÆ'Â ©mico y holÂÆ'Â ­stico.Interdependencia con el entorno externo.Tipos de PlaneaciÂÆ'Â ³n:PlaneaciÂÆ'Â ³n:EstratÂÆ'Â ©gicoTÂÆ'Â ¡cticoOperativoTiempoLargo Plazo.Med iano Plazo.Corto Plazo.AlcanceComprende la organizaciÂÆ'Â ³n como un todo, y se preocupa por alcanzar los objetivos a nivel organizacional.Abarca a cada departamento con sus recursos especÂÆ'Â ­ficos y se preocupa por alcanzar los objetivos del mismo.Abarca cada tarea o actividad de forma aislada y se preocupa por alcanzar metas especÂÆ'Â ­ficas.ContenidoGenÂÆ'Â ©rico, sintÂÆ'Â ©tico y comprensivo.Menos genÂÆ'Â ©rico y mÂÆ'Â ¡s detallado que el estratÂÆ'Â ©gico.Detallado, especifico y analÂÆ'Â ­tico.DefiniciÂÆ'Â ³nEsta en manos de la alta gerencia de la organizaciÂÆ'Â ³n y corresponde al plan mayor, al que se subordinan todos los demÂÆ'Â ¡s planes.En manos del nivel intermedio correspondiente a cada departamento de la organizaciÂÆ'Â ³n.En manos del nivel operativo y se concentra en cada tarea o actividad.El rol de la mercadotecnia en la planeaciÂÆ'Â ³n estratÂÆ'Â ©gica.La mercadotecnia es tanto una filosofÂÆ'Â ­a de negocios como un proceso orientado a la acciÂÆ'Â ³n, desempeÂÆ'Â ±a un numero de tareas necesarias para el funcionamiento efectivo de una economÂÆ'Â ­a de mercado.Hello Hello EuropeMarketing Operativo.Marketing EstratÂÆ'Â ©gico.Orientado a la acciÂÆ'Â ³nOportunidades existentesVariables diferentes del productoEntorno estable...

Corporation Governance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporation Governance - Coursework Example Duty only applies to directors not ‘officers’ as with other duties. Under {s 588V Corporations Act} Holding Companies also have a duty to prevent their subsidiaries from trading whilst insolvent’ Firstly under {s 588G(1)(a) Corporations Act}, â€Å"the duty is only imposed on directors and NOT officers. However, the definition of ‘directors’ will include shadow and de facto directors. Recall de facto director acts as a director even if they are not validly appointed and shadow director is able to have influence over the board† (Melbourne University Law Students Society Tribunal Service, â€Å"Corporations Law†). Firstly it should be illustrated that only willingly incurred debts for specific amount can bear a charge of insolvent trading {Standard Charter Bank per Hodgson J}, â€Å"a company incurs a debt when by its choice it does or omits something which, as a matter of substance and commercial reality, renders it liable for a debt for which it otherwise would not have been liable† (Cassidy, â€Å"Concise Corporations Law†) The defense which Jack can have is that he needs to show the reasonable grounds for his expectations of insolvency at the time the debts were taken. Again he needs to show that he relied on the information provided by others in the management which led to insolvency. Otherwise, he has to validate certain credible reasons for his absence. Smith and Jones can register under Limited Liability Corporations (LLC). This type of corporations is much in demand nowadays. They are the combination of partnership firm and a corporation. The tax effects are mostly based on that of the partnership firm but other entities is that it shares of the corporations. It is formed by members and not shareholders. Advantages of a Limited Liability Company can be that LLCs offer personal liability guard for members. The legal procedures to be followed are very simple and lucid. The members can come to agreement on their own terms,

Personal Experience Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Experience - Assignment Example During the winter holidays, I had to seek assistance from friend doctor. Luckily enough, addiction to it had not taken deep root enough. The doctor proposed one month intensive medication care and with regular visiting. Change of lifestyle was also important when one is in the process of quitting. I had to avoid places where people smoked a lot until the day the doctor confirmed to me that I was strong enough to go to such places. Back at home, it was not easy. Parents had to put me under curfew. I was expected to stay at home the extent to which I used to interact with friends reduced. Having no place to go, I spent a lot of time home just watching movies and series. Smoking eats on one’s health, as a result, I was put under heavy diet so as to regain weight. Personally, I embarked on activities like washing dishes and update my blog on the consequences of smoking. The point is I had to do everything to change. Daily activities, like running up and down the stairs really help ed in the process of quitting. I am now back to school and doing well in class. It took me two weeks of intensive medication and daily exercise to stop smoking and three week for the side effects to subdue. Teacher and parents became concerned about the performance and questioned me. However, being cleaver, I would hide everything from them. This didn’t last for long; I had to look for a permanent solution that would enable me quickly stops smoking. A friend advised me to buy Bupropion, a drug believed to help smokers quit smoking.

Companies domestic enviroment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Companies domestic enviroment - Research Paper Example This company specialises in extracting crude oil, process it as well as selling the end products. Bp is headquartered in Houston America and it has been in the energy business for more than 100 years given that it started its operation in 1889. The domestic environment of America has a bearing on the operations of the company as a whole. According to the Department of Energy and Climate Change (2011), there are certain considerations that have to be taken into consideration by the energy companies to ensure that they do not violate the set standards of operation. For instance, protection of the environment is given priority in America and there is a legislation called Clean Air Act which guides the operations of this particular industry. As such, it can be noted that this organisation has to adhere to the government stipulations with regards to standard operations. The government of America has a bearing on the operations of this particular organisation since it sets the standard regulations. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is another regulatory body which monitors the operations of organisations that are involved in the energy business. If the safety and environmental regulations are violated, the respective company is fined large sums of money. The attribute they are list admired for is related to safety and environmental concerns. Bp is seen as one of the biggest polluters in America and this has impacted on its operations. In as much as safety and risk management are concerned, this organisation is poorly rated in these areas which is why it is least admired by people. Research has shown that Bp has a poor record of occupational safety and risk management. For instance, eleven people lost their lives following the incidence of the oil spill in the Gulf Coast (Bp, 2011). This can be attributed to the absence of safety and risk management plans in its operations. The company has a record of incidences where lives of people were lost

The Pressing Problem In The Prison System Criminology Essay

The Pressing Problem In The Prison System Criminology Essay There are three custodial establishments for young people, they are Young offender institutions, Secure training centres and Secure childrens homes. The Standing Committee for Youth Justice (2010) reported that during the period of 1989 to 2009, the child custody population in England and Wales increased by 795%. There is no obvious evidence showing that the youth crime become more serious recently, but more young people was sent to prisons. These large amounts of young prisoners have already brought a big pressure to the prison system, and it has become an alarming issue in England and Wales. The prison lives are much more badly than we imagined. They are neglected from the society, some of you may say they are put in the prison because they commit crime, it is fair enough. Incarceration of offenders may have deterrence effect as they will not further commit crime in the future, but the truth is the reoffending rate still stays high. For this, I always doubt Do we need to incarcerate all under-age offenders? and Do prisons work for all offenders?. Prison may cause more personal and social problems that we never expect. Also, children who sentenced to prisons have their own problems or difficulties before they getting sent to prison, it may include poor family backgrounds or drugs abuse, etc. These make the prison system more difficult to handle these children, and thus causing the problem of resources and management. Many concerning parties are doing different reforms as they want to reduce the number. Prison Reform Trust is one of the charities who promote alternatives to custody. It has launched a new campaign Out of Trouble especially helps those children and young people who are imprisoned in the UK. Also, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child Article 36(d) stated that custody be used as a last resort. However, Prison Reform Trust criticized the juvenile court doesnt follow it strictly. Everyone understands that the statuses of children and adult are different, it is assumed that child should have more chance than adult. Children are important capital to our future society, so the prison system has greater responsibilities to help those youth offenders a better future. Under this perspective, people always argue about the purpose of imprisoning a child should be different from the adult one too. Society always place greater hope on these groups of vulnerable children. No matter the society, professionals or the government, they will put greater emphasis on rehabilitation rather than punishment, but the problem is how to make a balance between punishment and rehabilitation? The first thing to concern about is resources, thats the money-cost. Many news reports complained that youth custody spent too much but with an unpleasant outcome in return. Every year many millions of pounds are wasted for locking up children for committing both violent and non-violent offences, it is extremely costly but fails to reduce the amount of crime. According to the report Punishing costs: How locking up children is making Britain less safe(2010), Aleksi Knuutila stated that holding a child in prison costs about  £100,000 a year in England and Wales. Prison Trust Reform always argues that some very minor offences will result in custodial sentences, and they state that non-violent crime offenders should not be sentenced to prison as it is a waste of resources. However, the Independent Commission on Youth Crime and Antisocial Behavior (2010) showed a disappointing result of reconviction rate, three quarters of all young people leaving custody re-offend within a year which means almost three out of four young offenders reoffend within a year after they release. We have already paid many millions for these youths, but we just did very little to change their behavior and protect the society. Except the money cost, we can see that the present system has limit ability to help these vulnerable child back to the right tracks. At first, people believe harsher punishment can help to deter them from doing further criminal behavior. But the truth is that the lives in prison make youngsters get closer to crime, or even breeding them into professional criminals. This is one of the struggle points for the prison system to manage and allocate those youngsters in the right places. The prison system also needs to try their best to ensure that children in prison still have their proper lives, which include giving them educational support and mentally support. As children are valuable capitals to our future society, although they did something wrong, they still have the chance to learn. Education is important to youngsters at any places, this can help youngsters to build up different kinds of skills and abilities, thus integrate back to normal life easier when they release. Most of the public support that youth institutions should give education and training to the children in prisons, this places great pressure on the prison system yet they have already put a lot of resources in providing children different education and training inside the prisons. Moreover, there is still statistics showed that the prison system is not doing enough for the children. According to the report Training planning for children and young people (2010), it stated that prisons are failing to adequately prepare young people for release. One of the problems is that there is lack of accredited offending behavior programmes for the young prisoners. Even those young prisoners set up some targets for their training plans, they may not find suitable programme to achieve them through the imprisonment period. Also, it is reported that many children release from prisons till have difficulties in their learning. This showed that the prison system doesnt spend well, and they cannot learn what they should learn in the prisons. Special attention should also be put on childs psychological needs. Inside the prison, juvenile will be allocated into different cells. It is not easy to adapt the prison lives, and it may cause them different psychological problems, such as depression. The Standing committee for youth justice report (2010) stated that Boys in custody are 18 times more likely to suicide than children in the community. We can see that it is a serious problem inside the prisons. However, it is not possible for all prison officers to have specific training to handle these problems. If the problem is ignored for a certain period of time, it may cause them suffer from some more serious mental problems. Handling the psychological needs of offenders has become one of the responsibilities of the prison system, but resources are limited for them. Again, it places greater pressure on prisons work. Evidences of reconviction rate have also showed that the present prison system is failing to restore and rehabilitate children in their prison lives. The prison system should ensure the children learn from their mistakes and the moral values through their sentences. It is important for youngsters to understand what is right and wrong, and why they are punished, it can reduce the possibilities of reoffending. However, it may bring some negative effects to the child and society, and even cannot facilitate them in reintegration and rehabilitation. Organizations of protecting children always advocate the use of community sentences, for this, children can learn from community and learn in community. Community support is important to youth offenders, if they build up good relationship with the community, they can be integrate back into the community more easily. However, the prison system does not do much in this area and still has rooms for improvement. As mentioned above, youth prison is required to do differently. Not only punishing them for their wrongdoings, but to fix their brain. It is important to do more about rehabilitation, reformation and reintegration. Children are vulnerable and relatively inexperienced with the world, they are easily affected by the external factors. If child only arrange to do some routine works in prison, it is impossible for us to change their behavior. The system need to develop a different approach for them as it has greater responsibilities to restore and reform them. However, it is not a simple task. Setting up and working with a system which is different from the adult system, it has already made child in custody under 18 the most pressing issue in the prison system. Prison officers have many challenging works like providing children proper educational support in prison, taking care of child psychological needs, working with communities, doing work of rehabilitation, etc. All these work has given the prison system many challenges and making the child in custody under 18 becomes the most pressing issue in the prison system. Words : 1541 References Standing Committee for Youth Justice (2010), Raising the custody threshold. Available from:, The Howard League for Penal Reform Web site: http://www.scyj.org.uk/files/Raising_the_custody_threshold_SummaryAug10_FINAL.pdf [Accessed: November 2, 2010] Youth Justice Board (2010), Youth justice system : Custody figures . Available from:, Youth Justice Board Web site: http://www.yjb.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/643A66F6-0DFC-4621-90C0-8EA27AD9FA99/0/SecureMonthlyReportAugust2010.xls [Accessed: November 2, 2010]. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (1990), United Nations Convention on the Rights. Available from:, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Web site: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm [Accessed: November 2, 2010]. Aleksi Knuutila (2010), Punishing costs: How locking up children is making Britain less safe. Available from:, The New Economics Foundation Web site: http://www.outoftrouble.org.uk/sites/default/files/nef_Punishing_Costs_0.pdf [Accessed: November 5, 2010] The Independent Commission On Youth Crime and Antisocial Behavior (2010), Time for a fresh start. Available from:, the Independent Commission on Youth Crime and Antisocial Behavior Web site: http://www.youthcrimecommission.org.uk/attachments/076_FreshStart.pdf [Accessed: November 5, 2010]. Inspectorate of Prisons (2010), Training planning for children and young people. Available from:, Youth Justice Board Web site: http://www.justice.gov.uk/inspectorates/hmi-prisons/docs/Training_Planning_Thematic_rps.pdf [Accessed: November 5, 2010].

Emersons Experience A Close Reading Essay -- essays papers

Emersons Experience A Close Reading In Experience, Ralph Waldo Emerson writes about the human condition shared by all in his uniquely â€Å"Emersonian† perspective. Perhaps one of his most effective works is Experience, an essay on a subject of which Emerson had much â€Å"experience† and personal grief. To fully appreciate Emerson, the reader must closely analyze his writing, with both its obvious meaning, and the experience with which he’s writing. One particular paragraph is especially eloquent, and warrants closer analysis: â€Å"People grieve and bemoan themselves, but it is not half so bad with them as they say. There are moods in which we court suffering, in the hope that here, at least, we shall find reality, sharp peaks and edges of truth†. Emerson’s training as a clergyman shines through here, as he counsels the grief-stricken that things are not as bad as they seem. People who are aggrieved often hope to find some truth at the end of their suffering to make it seem somehow worthwhile. â€Å"But it turns out to be scene-painting and counterfeit. The only thing grief has taught me, is to know how shallow it is. That, like all the rest, plays about the surface, and never introduces me into the reality, for contact with which, we would even pay the costly price of sons and lovers†. Emerson’s preliminary sentences were only meant to scratch the surface -- now he is probing the heart of t he matter. He is stating that there is no deep meaning revealed when we lose someone we love. It is more of a defense mechanism or a means of self-assurance than anything else, because losing the people closest to us defies any tangible meaning. In the next passage, â€Å"Was it Boscovich who found out that bodies never come in contact? Well, s... ...cosmic connection for man, animals, plants. Emerson seems to suggest that grief is merely an escape into self-pity, a way of denying death or what it represents. For Emerson, life was nothing without faith in nature. In nature, nothing can live unless something dies. It is all part of the eternal cycle of life. Experience taught Ralph Waldo Emerson that wallowing in grief provides neither comfort nor closure. It does not answer any questions and does not change anything. However, faith in nature can offer solace during life’s darkest moments. It is a human ‘experience’ which he, fortunately, shared with us all. Bibliography: WORK CITED O’Keefe, Richard R. â€Å"‘Experience’: Emerson on Death.† ATQ (The American Transcendental Quarterly), v9 n2, p. 119 (11). (June 1995).

Spiritual Growth through Various Spiritual Disciplines

From time immemorial, spiritual growth has strengthened the faith of believers and has helped them become closer and made them believe more in their religious dogma. This is also evident in Christianity. From the time of Jerusalem’s height, discipline has always found a part in Christian beliefs and in strengthening the faith of the congregation. Over the years, people have learned that particular kinds of disciplines when practiced help them keep the connection between God and themselves open and help keep alive their passion towards God.It is worth noting early on that these spiritual disciplines are not the surest way to heaven and that there is no concrete account that they can even make you a holy person. On the other hand, being able to practice spiritual discipline can heighten your desire, awareness, and love of God by stripping down the barriers that you put up within yourself and other barriers that others have created for you that hinder you from being closer to God (Benner, 2002). A practice or activity can be considered a spiritual discipline when it takes a specific part of your way of life and turns it toward God.A spiritual discipline is, when practiced faithfully and regularly, a habit or regular pattern in your life that repeatedly provides you the opportunity to become closer to God, opens the practitioner’s heart to God and makes one malleable and open to spiritual guidance and opinion. Christian devotional practice is centered primarily on the holy trinity – Jesus Christ, God the Father and the Holy Spirit (Foster, 1998). In this study, we put special attention on a comprehensive analysis of spiritual growth through the practice of six kinds of discipline and how these are able to contribute to spiritual growth.In the succeeding parts of the paper, we will focus our study on spiritual disciplines such as meditation, prayer, fasting, study, service and simplicity. We will also provide a discussion of these particular dis ciplines and how they are able to make people grow closer to a perfection of relationship with Christ. The first part of the study is dedicated to a discussion of spiritual growth thru meditation. Essentially, meditation is subdivided into three parts: Concentration, Meditation and Contemplation. The first part of meditation is concentration.Concentration is being able to take special attention on a certain point, topic or area. It entails 100% of taking special attention on a single thought, in our case 100% focus to God. Meditation can be achieved by being able to clear one’s mind of unnecessary opinions and distractions as this can make it easier for people to be more connected to God. Concentration brings people to another level of consciousness that promotes for clearer thought and a heightened sense of feelings. This precursor must be achieved in order for people to become in a meditative state. The second stage of meditation is actually meditation itself.The uninterrup ted flow of one’s Attention, then, is Meditation. By being fixated in a single object, a person’s thought is totally focused on that object. This is the clearest and most important aspect of meditation. With this, the purest opinions and feelings are released between the person and God. Through meditation, God has a true and clear connection with the person that helps provide a clear and uninterrupted line of communication. Spiritual meditation creates for a very clear communication between God and the person, which promotes for better understanding of God and a first hand experience of God’s presence.This is also evident in order religious orders such as Buddhism that takes special attention on intense meditation to cleanse the mind and body of evil and wrongdoing. Through continuous Meditation, one becomes one with the object of one’s Concentration. The third level is contemplation. By means of meditation one is able to acquire a lot of pure experiences that has to reflect on and analyzed. Contemplation is a method that helps people clearly explain and analyze the events that had transpired during meditation.Contemplation often takes more time than the meditation itself, as it is important to clearly understand what the Lord has communicated to the person (Keating n. d. ). This can be in form of a group with a facilitator or contemplating alone. At any case, what is important is the resulting decision made that is important, regardless of contemplative medium. One can meditate by means of study. In studying, one is in a meditative state that is focused on the holy scriptures of God. With study, we are encapsulated within the scriptures of God’s word.In studying the word of God, we are led to deeper meditative state and we can gain more knowledge and be closer to God through his word (Beers, 2006). It has been said that pure existence can only be experienced when the mind becomes purely at ease with the environment he/she is in. In order for us to be truly one with God, we have to imbibe into our daily routine a portion of meditation in order to experience, even a little at the very least, pure existence and a unbroken line of communication with God in order to further develop our spirituality and relationship with God.With pure meditation, it is really hard to understand the words of God. Our opinions and speculations are like a veil covering our true Nature. In addition to this, a most serious problem is when we identify with a certain mind-structure, the personality or ego, and the body. But even with so much of this demystifying our meditative state, meditation is used to unveil our true Nature and relationship with the Lord, we might still continue to cling to this false personality and fear its dissolution (Foster, 1978).Since we cannot simply order the mind to be still, we give it something to hang on to. This is to facilitate effective meditation that would help us greatly in opening a pure lin e of communication with the Lord. Words designed for that purpose are called mantras. In Christianity’s case, a mantra can be of the form of a prayer or Christian ritual. The application of mantras during meditation is called transcendental meditation. Mantras are repeated mentally for the sole purpose to calm the mind, remove inhibitions and clear out any unnecessary opinions (Beers, 2006).By continually driving out unnecessary thought can the mind be completely â€Å"silent† and only when the mind comes to a complete standstill are we enabled to identify with the silent observer. Spiritual meditation is essentially a mental exercise that drives the mind to take special attention on the Lord in order to remove all opinions not relevant to the Lord and create a connection between him for effective communication and to further our relationship with the Lord. The next kind of spiritual discipline that is closely linked to meditation is prayer. The second discipline is pr ayer.Spiritual discipline is not spiritual discipline if there is no prayer, of course, is much more than a spiritual discipline; it is a way of life. However it should be noted that prayer, as with all spiritual disciplines, should never be taken only as a discipline and nothing more. It would be a rather low-voltage spiritual life in which prayer was chiefly undertaken as a discipline. On one hand, prayer is a very potent practice for opening our lives to God (Catechism of the Catholic Church n. d. ). In present times, it is very important to practice prayer as a discipline.In our culture today, a considerable margin of Christians’ attention span is severely impaired. In prayer we attend our minds to God, and all too often that attention lasts for a few seconds. We may be starting off with professing our faith by means of saying the Lord’s Prayer but it is not long before our minds tend to wander off and we start to forget who we had addressed in the first place (Tho mpson 2005). It is for this reason that we must undertake prayer as a spiritual discipline in order to enable ourselves to attain the single-mindedness necessary to attend to the God-who-is-present.It is also vital for us to understand that prayer, just as every other discipline, is a learning process. We will find ourselves distracted. We will notice our minds wandering among the countless concerns of the day. However, as we continue in the paths of prayer, our meanders will be shorter and less frequent. Prayer is conversation or communication with God. It involves both speaking and listening. So often we pray as if it were a monologue. But prayer is so much more than a one-way communication towards God.As a matter of fact, the most diligent person that practices the discipline of prayer knows that prayer is more about just listening towards God rather than talking to him. In addition, prayer is also about being open to God for change. Prayer is recognition that God is God and we a re not, and so in prayer we yield our desires to God's. As much as people might say it is, prayer is not at all complicated. Prayer is not just about saying the right combination of words and thought but it is the right orientation of our outlook towards God.In addition, prayers do not need to be flowery. Those kinds of prayers are either said in order to impress others or just to manipulate God. A prayer is not something that is done during mealtime, in times of church service or in times of distress. It is not just about bowing our heads, clasping our hands together, and closing our eyes. If we really consider the definition of prayer as something that is really paying attention to God, we really can conduct the discipline of prayer without actually stopping.What is important is that in whatever thing we do, we do it with the awareness that God is always there beside us (Thompson 2005). With that in mind, we can take special attention all of what we do and offer it to him. To pray without ceasing means that wherever we go and in whatever we are doing, we go and do with the awareness that God is always watching whatever we do. We listen through prayer and meditation for his opinion on everything that we do in our lives. We look at others and ourselves through His eyes.We ask God to show us the right path and the right decision for whatever we do. In prayer God invites us to join him in his community and wants us to lead our lives in his ways. The third part of the spiritual discipline is fasting. Biblically, fasting is abstaining from food, drink, sleep or sex to take special attention on a period of spiritual growth. Specifically, we humbly deny something of the flesh to glorify God, enhance our spirit, and go deeper in our prayer life. Christian fasting isn't some kind of a â€Å"work† that's commanded by Christ or required by Scripture.On the other hand, it doesn’t imply that fasting isn't suggested to be part of our spiritual growth. Fasting is often linked to prayer and meditation as well. Too often, the focus of fasting is on the lack of food. On the other hand, the purpose of fasting is to take our eyes off the things of this world and instead take special attention on God. Fasting is a way to demonstrate to God and to ourselves that we are serious about our relationship with Him. Although fasting in Scripture is almost always a fasting from food, there are other ways to fast.It can actually be as easy as giving up something temporarily so that you can better focus on God can actually be considered fasting. It is recommended that fasting be limited to a given period of time, more so when food is part of the fasting. It is important to note that fasting is never intended to punish the flesh but to let we take special attention on God (Catechism of the Catholic Church n. d. ). In addition, fasting according to scripture is not a prerequisite. However it is highly recommended. The only reason indicated within Holy Scri pture to fast is to develop a deeper relationship with God.Christian fasting is more than just not letting ourselves eat or deny ourselves of some kind of passion or thing that we crave for but it is a sacrifice of something that we hold dear in order to offer it to the Lord. Fasting imbibes humility and loosens us from the chains of worldly materials and needs. This concept of fasting is not a one-day thing – it is a lifestyle of servant living for God and others. The next kind of spiritual discipline that is the focus of our study is simplicity. Simplicity, as many people would have it, is not merely having less stress in life and having more fun and recreation.But, simplicity is a spiritual discipline that when practiced moves us closer to God and removes us from the chains of worldly possessions. Some people turn to God in order to simplify their lives. In some cases, this can happen but this would entirely depend on what God’s plans for you (Boa, 2001). But all to o often, God makes our lives more complicated. God continually tests us in order to determine our faith and love in him. As we are continually tested, God’s love then calls us to act. Part of what makes a Christian spirituality ‘simple' is that is has a single attention: Christ.All else radiates from there or is to be set aside. Spiritual discipline trains us to stay on course when our lives are rocked out of normality. But if we do not stay steady and stay the course, we lose our connection and ourselves to God. Christian spirituality helps make life simpler and happy to live. When we chase a wealthy life style, we thread a very difficult and often unholy affair: the standards keep on changing day in and day out, and our anxiety never ceases. That is why Christian contemplatives and mystics speak so often of detachment.By taking away the direction on acquiring and amassing wealth, we have more of ourselves made free in order to direct ourselves to take special attentio n on learning to love correctly, to meditate towards God, to provide the necessary aid to those that need it, to learn more about our Lord through scripture or learning how to depend on the Spirit. Simplicity guides to so many other spiritual disciplines such as giving time to others – service. By means of simplicity, you are actually attuned more to the needs of others and can actually help them, as you are not preoccupied with other material things in life.Service can also be a form of simplicity as you provide help to others. With service, you are closer to God as you fulfill one of the very tenets of Christianity, and that is not to just be closer to God but more importantly be closer and be in a communal relationship with the people around you (Ortberg 2004). In life, you cannot have everything. You always have to choose between something. You can't follow Christ and chase wealth. Most of the time these two paths go in extremely opposite directions. The simple life, the contented life, means that we have learned to trust God rather than worldly possessions.People currently worry so much about money that they forget the essential things in life. We think that money will take away all our worries but in reality money will only produce more and more worries. Take for instance the people that win the lottery and just go bankrupt. Riches and abundance are like a wolf in sheep’s clothing. They come in reeling in the bait, they are clad as sheep’s clothing pretending to be security against anxieties and they then become the object of anxiety that in the first place they try to remove.Worldly possessions not only take away our concentration towards God but also make us closer to evil (Mcknight 2004). In conclusion, prayer, meditation, study of the holy scripture, service to one’s fellow men, simplicity and fasting all guide people who do these spiritual disciplines closer to God. Each on its own can contribute to making this person clo ser to God. It is also evident that each spiritual discipline leads to the other; moreover, everything is intertwined and every part of each spiritual discipline is founded on another kind of discipline.This is strongly apparent in existing studies and prescriptions that it is important to practice not just only one but many of these spiritual disciplines if one were to aspire to become closer to God. As a concluding remark, these disciplines are not made in order to be just followed and it will logically guide to being saved from eternal damnation. Instead, these are carried out in order to be a guide for us to be ever closer to God. We use these disciplines as tools to make us closer to God but inevitably, it will all redound to the choice we make whether or not we would want to authentically accept God in our lives.

Retronics Case Study

Case Study: Human Performance: Retronics Alderfer. C. P. 1969, An empirical test of a new theory of human needs, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4, 142-175. Amason, A. C, Hochwater, W. A. , Thompson, K. R & Harrison, A. W. 1995, ‘Conflict: an important dimension in successful management teams’, Organisational Dynamics, vol. 24, no 2, pp. 20 – 35. Bandura A. 1997, Self-efficacy: the exercise of control, Freeman, New York. Bandura, A. 1977, ‘Self-efficacy: towards a unifying theory of behavioural change', Psychological Review, no. 84, pp. 191 – 215. Bandura, A. 986, ‘Social foundations of thought and action', Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Beyer, J. M. , Chattopadhyay, P. , George, E. , Glick, W. H. & Pugliese, D. 1997, The selective perception of managers revisited, Academy of Management Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 716-37. Bowen, D. E & Lawler, Edward E. 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10 Critical Essay Topics on Environmental Health and Development

10 Critical Essay Topics on Environmental Health and Development Writing critical essays on environmental health and its effects on development is a task that could be assigned to just about anyone pursuing a degree in a higher institution of learning. Therefore, it is important to arm yourself with enough ammunitions- facts and figures- concerning the subject of environmental health and here, we will attempt to put together 10 important facts on it. To kick-start the learning process, here is an academic definition of environmental health and development. Environmental health is the science that studies the effect of civilization, culture, personal habits, pollution, population growth and travel on human health as well as the development of the human community. The study takes into account a variety of parameters and factors that lead to acquired or congenital diseases among humans. The data provided for acquired diseases covers the illnesses humans acquire from harmful chemicals, pollution and pathogenic elements while that for congenital diseases covers genetic issues contained in the human DNA. Therefore, a study on environmental health focuses more on acquired diseases and the role the environment plays in our healthy or unhealthy situation. So here are some facts spanning the environment’s contribution to the state of our mental health, wellness, and overall standard of life in the 21st century: The past twenty years have seen plastics replacing the use of glass, metal and other material as the major production material used in manufacturing products. In 1995, studies found that plastics leak pollutants which affect the environment and the endocrine system of the human body. The endocrine system is responsible for growth and reproduction and the effects of these emissions stunt human development. Sadly, approximately 6.6 million children under the age of 5 die every year on the global stage due to diverse contributing factors. But statistics show that environmental-related deaths account for a third of this number. Also important is the fact that 50% of the one million child deaths from acute respiration are caused by indoor smoke- which consist of second hand tobacco smoke and solid fuel used in stoves. In terms of diseases and environmental health, asthma is the most common non-communicable disease that occurs among children. Studies show that it is caused by emissions which are hazardous to the environment such as dust, smoke, pollen and mould. Children in more developed countries are more susceptible to having asthma, while sufferers from poor income backgrounds are more likely to die from asthmatic attacks due to lack of access to good health care facilities. The causes of natural disasters range from human impact to just nature. Their effect on health and development are quite staggering. Statistics show that since 1980, environmental disasters have led to economic losses of approximately $3.2trillion worldwide. Sadly, low-income countries account for approximately 70% of the world’s natural disaster hot spots which affect more than 200 million people from the developed world. The average human being also plays a part in ensuring the environmental health in his or her community and this affects the development and standard of living in these communities. In 2012, statistics show that 14% of the world’s population practices open defecation and 9 out of every 10 who practice open defecation live in rural areas. The study also showed the percentage of people who defecate in the open is also on the rise in the developed world which affects the environment negatively. The earth’s ozone layer is drastically reducing due to the use of ozone depleting substances (ODS) produced by humans and this harms the environment for it reduces the protecting shield that protects humans from ultraviolet (UV) rays. Cars, refrigerators, air conditioners contribute approximately 30% of the emissions that affect the ozone layer. UV rays are produced more predominantly between 10am to 4pm and overexposure may lead to skin burns and in more serious instances, skin cancer. Lead poisoning is a scourge to environmental health and although the use of lead in production cycles has been reduced in developing countries, high levels of lead can still be found in the environment. Studies show that lead can harm a developing foetus and cause reproduction problems in adults. Lastly, in developing countries, more than 33% of their child population are exposed to high levels of lead which can result to neurological disorders which harm child development. Water contamination has been described as one of the hazards that plague humans, the environment and animals residing in its ecosystem. Studies show that most of the world’s water sources- tap water, well water and bottled water- exhibit traces of contamination such as fluorine, lead and bacteria- and in high concentrations, it can lead to health hazards. In developing nations, water contamination is responsible for illnesses such as cholera and dysentery which affects the healthy development of individuals in these communities. Mining and drilling to retrieve the earth’s resources also have repercussions on the environment and in most cases these repercussion are negative and harmful to environmental health. Studies have shown that a high percentage mercury- which is one of the byproducts from burning coal- finds its way to the world’s lakes, rivers and oceans thereby affecting both plant and animal life globally. Humans are also in danger of mercury poisoning as methylmercury can be found in high concentrations in sea foods exposed mercury. Environmental health is also susceptible to the widespread use of pesticides by humans in killing pests, gardening and treating mold. Studies show that over exposure to pesticide poses greater risk to children than adults and these health risks include: birth defects, nerve damage and cancer. Statistics show that an estimated 1million to 5million cases of pesticide poisoning occur each year and this leads to approximately 20,000 deaths which show the effect of pesticide to environmental health. So here we come to the end of some of the most important facts on environmental health and development which you can integrate into your essay. We would like you to note that this article is just the first in a series providing you with excellent information on writing an essay or handling a project on environmental health. Therefore, we implore you to complete the series by checking out some interesting topics which you can choose from for your own essay as well as these guidelines on writing a critical essay. References: Mike, A. Thutula, B. (2013). Development in Environmental Health, 7-12. hst.org.za/uploads/files/chap10_08.pdf Women’s Health journal. (2012). The Environment and Women’s Health, 3-7, 10-16. http://womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/environment-womens-health.pdf World Health Organization. (2008). Environmental Health. who.int/topics/environmental_health/en/ World Health Organization. (2008). 10 facts on preventing disease through healthy environments. who.int/features/factfiles/ environmental_health/en/ Bartram, J. (2008). Flowing Away: Water and Health Opportunities. Bull World Health Organ. who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/1/07- 049619.pdf Van Vuuren, L. (2006). Potential health time-bomb ticking in Free State. The Water Wheel. Encyclopaedia. (2002). Environmental Health. encyclopedia.com/topic/Environmental_health.aspx

Policy paper on current international problem Essay

Policy paper on current international problem - Essay Example The Palestinian community has also recently been fractured by the Fatah/Hamas split, adding a new and potentially explosive dynamic to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Despite decades of attempts at resolving this conflict, we are at an impasse and without a resolution in sight. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict remains one of the most enduring and complex disputes of modern times. Although many believe that current fighting began with the creation of the state of Israel in 1948, historian Benny Morris traces the origin of this conflict to early Jewish settlement in the Ottoman region of Filastin (modern day Israel/Palestine) as early as 1881 – 67 years before the state of Israel was created. As such, he describes the conflict as a Zionist-Arab dispute and not solely as a problem between modern day Israelis and Palestinians (Morris, 2001). The origins of the dispute between Israelis and Palestinians are important today because two key issues between the warring parties remain largely unchanged since the late ninetieth century. For more than one hundred years these two fundamental issues have driven, contributed to, and exacerbated the protracted nature of this conflict. The first major issue is territorial and the question of land. At its very core, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is a conflict over land; a tiny sliver of land, semi arid and dry, bordering the Mediterranean Sea and roughly the size of New Jersey (Central Intelligence Agency, 2008). The second major issue is the juxtaposition of Israeli and Palestinian identities; competing nationalisms which were at odds decades before the establishment of the modern state of Israel. It is these two core issues, disputed land and competing nationalisms, which are fundamental to the conflict and which must be tackled with vigor if one seeks to resolve the crisis. Historically speaking, few places on earth share the religious importance of present-day

Should Catholic Priests Marry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Should Catholic Priests Marry - Essay Example logically priests are believed to serve where Christ would have served if he was on earth and this will configure them to do as Christ did as he never got married. Though catholic priests are not allowed to marry, this paper will explore a number of ways which supports and show why catholic priest should marry It is evident that lager number of Christians value marriage a lot, and this is revealed in the book of Mathew when Jesus had a visit Peter’s house and saw the mother of his wife who was then ailing. This is one of the supports in which Catholic Priest should stand on, meaning that if one of the disciples who was close to Jesus was married then they themselves should also be married. Furthermore, Peter one of the apostles points out that state of being unmarried leads to sexual offences, and he shows this in the book of Corinthians, saying that there should be a relationship between two people, man and woman which leads to marriage. His point goes hand in hand with what is pointed out in the book of Genesis, where god commands people to fill the earth and this can only happen when people get married hence everyone must comply with bibles teaching implying that catholic priests should also marry. Today, it is all over the news on how priests struggle with celibacy and they are obligated to have secret relationships and this is detrimental to the church (Carrell). The current children sexual abuse which has wrecked the Roman Catholic is seen to have been contributed by unmarried priest, though there have been some efforts by the Catholic Churches to try and hide from the public such allegation. Priest should be given the chance to get families and celibacy in the Roman Catholics should be abandoned, so as to avoid such child abuse from the priests. This is because their conjugal rights will have been granted to them and they will not engage in these brutal acts. The above arguments do not mean that celibacy is never value or was never value by the